Try following example to understand all the logical operators. Copy and paste following PHP program in test.php file ando keep it in your PHP Server's document root and browse it using any browser.
<html>
<head><title>Logical Operators</title><head>
<body>
<?php
$a = 42;
$b = 0;
if( $a && $b ){
echo "TEST1 : Both a and b are true<br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST1 : Either a or b is false<br/>";
}
if( $a and $b ){
echo "TEST2 : Both a and b are true<br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST2 : Either a or b is false<br/>";
}
if( $a || $b ){
echo "TEST3 : Either a or b is true<br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST3 : Both a and b are false<br/>";
}
if( $a or $b ){
echo "TEST4 : Either a or b is true<br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST4 : Both a and b are false<br/>";
}
$a = 10;
$b = 20;
if( $a ){
echo "TEST5 : a is true <br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST5 : a is false<br/>";
}
if( $b ){
echo "TEST6 : b is true <br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST6 : b is false<br/>";
}
if( !$a ){
echo "TEST7 : a is true <br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST7 : a is false<br/>";
}
if( !$b ){
echo "TEST8 : b is true <br/>";
}else{
echo "TEST8 : b is false<br/>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
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This will produce following result
TEST1 : Either a or b is false
TEST2 : Either a or b is false
TEST3 : Either a or b is true
TEST4 : Either a or b is true
TEST5 : a is true
TEST6 : b is true
TEST7 : a is false
TEST8 : b is false
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